What Happens to Joint Accounts When One Owner Dies? (2024)

In many cases, married couples opt to open a joint bank account. However, joint accounts are not only for those who are married. Civil partners, unmarried couples, parents and their children, seniors and their caregivers and roommates are all examples of multiple individuals who may open a joint bank account together.

This begs the question: What happens to a joint account should one of the owners pass away?

How Does a Joint Bank Account Work?

Simply put, a joint bank account is one in which multiple people have access to the account, and therefore, the money held in the account. As mentioned above, while many married couples choose to open a joint bank account together, marriage is not a requirement to open an account. In fact, joint accounts can have more than two owners, depending on the specific bank you are opening the account with.

Why Would You Open a Joint Bank Account?

There are numerous benefits to opening a joint bank account. Many people opt to open a joint bank account for estate planning purposes, as joint accounts can make paying off the deceased owner’s bills easier. Some of the benefits of opening a joint account include:

  • Simplifying the payment of bills
  • Keeping track of spending
  • Promoting trust between the account owners
  • Potentially avoiding probate

Simplifying the Payment of Bills

For those who are splitting up the payment of bills, having a joint bank account can make the process easier. There is no need to transfer money between people, as all parties are owners of the account.

Keeping Track of Spending

For those looking to keep track of spending, having a joint account comes with the benefit of easy access – as all owners of the account can be in the know with regard to spending.

Promoting Trust Between the Account Owners

Having a joint bank account can encourage financial transparency, whether that is between spouses, parents and their children or any other group of individuals who own the joint account.

Potentially Avoiding Probate

In the majority of cases, when one of the owners of a joint account passes away, ownership automatically passes on to the surviving member (or members). Because of this, joint accounts typically avoid the extensive probate process that other accounts can be subject to.

What Are Some Disadvantages to a Joint Bank Account?

While there are some advantages to joint bank accounts, there are some disadvantages also as it relates to estate planning. The following are some disadvantages of joint bank accounts:

  • May be subject to estate taxes
  • No control over withdrawals
  • May be impacted by lawsuits
  • Potentially excluding beneficiaries

May be Subject to Estate Taxes

Depending on which state you live in, your joint bank account may be subject to both federal and state estate taxes if the total value of the gross estate of the deceased owner is above federal or state exemptions.

No Control over Withdrawals

Because the account is jointly owned, one owner alone cannot control any withdrawals from the account.

May Be Impacted by Lawsuits

If one of the other owner’s of the joint account gets sued, your funds may end up being collected as damages.

Potentially Excluding Beneficiaries

If, say, you jointly own a bank account with just one of your children, only that child will inherit the account when you pass away.

When is a Joint Bank Account Subject to Probate?

A joint bank account can avoid probate so long as the account was set up with rights of survivorship. On the other hand, if the account was set up with the owners as tenants in common, the deceased owner’s share of the account will be subject to probate.

Rights of Survivorship: What to Know

While joint bank accounts often have automatic rights of survivorship (assets transferred to the surviving account owner/owners upon the death of one owner), it is very important to double check with your bank that your joint account is set up this way.

What Are Alternatives to Joint Bank Accounts?

Two alternatives to joint bank accounts are Financial Power of Attorney and Living Trusts. If you name someone as your Financial Power of Attorney, this individual will take control of your finances should you become no longer able to do so on your own. Alternatively, by putting your bank account in a Living Trust, a trustee manages the assets in the account for the benefit of your beneficiaries. Putting your bank account in a Living Trust will also avoid the probate process.

If you are seeking assistance for estate planning matters, we are here to help. Contact us today to learn how we can assist you.

For more information about various estate planning matters, view our resources page here.

Image by Mohamed Hassan from Pixabay

What Happens to Joint Accounts When One Owner Dies? (2024)

FAQs

What Happens to Joint Accounts When One Owner Dies? ›

Most joint bank or credit union accounts are held with “rights of survivorship.” This means that when one account owner dies, the money passes to the surviving owner, or equally to the rest of the owners if there are multiple people on the account.

Can you withdraw money from a joint account if one person dies? ›

With a joint bank account, the joint account holder typically retains ownership of the account under the right of survivorship. "The surviving owner will be able to withdraw funds from the account," says David Doehring, probate attorney and managing partner of Doehring & Doehring Attorneys at Law.

What happens to a joint account when one holder dies? ›

If the bank account is jointly owned

In this case, where there are two owners, and one of the owners dies, then the surviving owner automatically becomes the only real owner of the account. It's up to the surviving owner whether he/she wants to still treat the account or close it.

Can you keep a joint bank account if one person dies? ›

Joint bank accounts

Couples may also have joint bank or building society accounts. If one dies, all the money will go to the surviving partner without the need for probate or letters of administration. The bank may need the see the death certificate in order to transfer the money to the other joint owner.

Do joint bank accounts get frozen when someone dies? ›

Most joint bank accounts include automatic rights of survivorship, which means that after one account signer dies, the remaining signer (or signers) retain ownership of the money in the account. The surviving primary account owner can continue using the account, and the money in it, without any interruptions.

Do you pay inheritance tax on a joint bank account? ›

All funds held in a jointly-title account are presumed to belong entirely to the decedent and are included in the taxable estate absent a showing of other intent.

Does a joint account become part of an estate? ›

If you share a bank account with your spouse, it automatically passes to them when you die. The account is not considered part of the deceased spouse's estate and generally not subject to probate fees.

How do banks know if someone dies? ›

This critical step ensures that the next actions align with bank policies and legal requirements. Request for documentation: The bank will request documentation such as a certified copy of the death certificate and legal documents indicating who has the authority to make decisions regarding the deceased assets.

Does a joint account override a will? ›

Yes, joint ownership of an account overrides a Will. The joint ownership will be effective over and supersede any directions in your Last Will and Testament regarding a specific account and how those assets are divided.

Is it better to be a joint owner or beneficiary? ›

Joint account holders have the same rights and access to an account as the primary account holder. A joint account holder can designate beneficiaries to the account without authorization from the primary account holder. A beneficiary has no rights or access to your accounts.

Can one person empty a joint bank account? ›

If the funds in your joint bank account are considered separate property and owned exclusively by your spouse, they may legally be able to drain the account. Similarly, even if the account is community property, a spouse may be able to withdraw money for reasonable living expenses, legal fees, and children's expenses.

Should I put my name on my elderly parents bank account? ›

You could jeopardize your parent's financial security if you have financial challenges. For example, creditors can take the money in the joint account as collateral to settle your debts. Additionally, the funds in the joint bank account can also affect your eligibility to qualify for college financial aid.

Who owns rights to a joint account if one dies? ›

Most joint bank or credit union accounts are held with “rights of survivorship.” This means that when one account owner dies, the money passes to the surviving owner, or equally to the rest of the owners if there are multiple people on the account.

Can I withdraw money from a deceased person's bank account? ›

If you're the joint owner of the deceased person's bank account, you should be able to withdraw money right away. Otherwise, you typically must supply documents showing that you legally have access to the account. Documents a bank might request include: Government-issued ID, such as your driver's license or passport.

Why shouldn't you always tell your bank when someone dies? ›

Amy explains that waiting to inform the bank allows a family member time to gather all relevant information, including details on life insurance policies and electricity and utility bills. After notifying the bank, the account will be frozen, meaning nothing can be taken out or deposited.

Can I take money out of my dead husband's bank account? ›

However, in many cases the only way to legally access money belonging to an estate is to administer that estate and apply for a Grant of Probate. This process is referred to as probate. This process will need to be carried out by either the executor(s) if there is a valid Will, or an administrator if there isn't.

How are joint bank accounts treated on death? ›

Do all joint bank accounts have rights of survivorship? Generally, the 'principle of survivorship' applies to jointly held bank accounts. This means that in the case of a joint account holder's death, the surviving joint account holder receives the remaining funds, and full control of the account.

Can one person take all the money out of a joint account? ›

Each account owner can get a debit card, write checks and make purchases. Both account holders can also add funds or withdraw them from the account. The money in joint accounts belongs to both owners. Either person can withdraw or spend the money at will — even if they weren't the one to deposit the funds.

How do I remove a deceased person's name from a joint bank account? ›

Joint accounts generally can be transferred into the sole name of the surviving account holder when we receive a certified copy of a death certificate and request to amend into the surviving account holder's name.

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